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Large dog breeds: profiles from A to Z

Large dogs need space, a bigger food budget and training that starts early: you can no longer simply carry a 40-kilo dog away. Many large breeds also live less long than small ones; the entries explain the research.

Small dog breedsMedium-sized dog breedsLarge dog breedsbreed quiz

Large dog breeds in the encyclopedia (166)

A quick comparison

Breed Height according to the standard For beginners
Afghan Hound ideal: males 68 to 74 cm, females 63 to 69 cm Generally unsuitable
Airedale Terrier Males approx. 58 to 61 cm, females approx. 56 to 59 cm With reservations
Akita (Akita Inu) males 67 cm, females 61 cm, with a tolerance of plus or minus 3 cm Generally unsuitable
Alaskan Malamute desired working size: males 63,5 cm, females 58,5 cm; the standard recognises a natural range Generally unsuitable
Old Danish Pointing Dog (Gammel Dansk Hønsehund) males 54 to 60 cm (ideally above 56 cm), females 50 to 56 cm (ideally above 52 cm) With reservations
American Akita Males 66 to 71 cm, females 61 to 66 cm Generally unsuitable
American Foxhound males 56 to 63,5 cm, females 53 to 61 cm Generally unsuitable
Ardennes Cattle Dog (Bouvier des Ardennes) males 56 to 62 cm, females 52 to 56 cm, tolerance of 1 cm above or below Generally unsuitable
Azawakh Males 64 to 74 cm, females 60 to 70 cm; deviation of 2 cm tolerated Generally unsuitable
Aidi (Aïdi, Chien de Montagne de l'Atlas) 52 to 62 cm; the standard does not distinguish between sexes Generally unsuitable
Barbet (French Water Dog) males 58 to 65 cm, females 53 to 61 cm, each with a tolerance of 1 cm above or below With reservations
Borzoi (Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya) desired: males 75 to 85 cm, females 68 to 78 cm With reservations
Beauceron (Berger de Beauce) Males 65 to 70 cm, females 61 to 68 cm Generally unsuitable
Bergamasco Sheepdog (Cane da Pastore Bergamasco) ideal: males 60 cm, females 56 cm, each with a tolerance of 2 cm above or below With reservations
Bernese Mountain Dog (Berner Sennenhund) Males 64 to 70 cm (ideal 66 to 68 cm), females 58 to 66 cm (ideal 60 to 63 cm) With reservations
St Bernard (St. Bernhardshund - Bernhardiner) males 70 to 90 cm, females 65 to 80 cm; larger dogs are not penalised if harmoniously built With reservations
Billy Males 60 to 70 cm, females 58 to 62 cm Generally unsuitable
Black and Tan Coonhound males 63,5 to 68,5 cm, females 58 to 63,5 cm; oversized dogs are not penalised if balanced and capable workers Generally unsuitable
Blue Picardy Spaniel (Épagneul Bleu de Picardie) Males 57 to 62 cm, females 55 to 60 cm; deviations of 2 cm above or below permitted but undesirable With reservations
Bloodhound (Chien de Saint Hubert) Ideal males 68 cm, females 62 cm, tolerance 4 cm above or below Generally unsuitable
Bohemian Wire-haired Pointing Griffon (Český Fousek) males 60 to 66 cm, females 58 to 62 cm Generally unsuitable
Dogue de Bordeaux males 60 to 68 cm, females 58 to 66 cm, with tolerance of 1 cm below and 2 cm above Generally unsuitable
Bouvier des Flandres (Bouvier des Flandres-Vlaamse Koehond) Males 62 to 68 cm (ideal 65 cm), females 59 to 65 cm (ideal 62 cm), tolerance 1 cm above or below With reservations
Italian Pointing Dog (Bracco Italiano) 55 to 67 cm; preferred males 58 to 67 cm, females 55 to 62 cm Generally unsuitable
Auvergne Pointer (Braque d'Auvergne) Males 57 to 63 cm (ideal 60 cm), females 53 to 59 cm (ideal 56 cm); 2 cm above and 1 cm below tolerated Generally unsuitable
Ariege Pointing Dog (Braque de l’Ariège) males 58 to 65 cm, preferably 61 cm plus or minus 2 cm; females 54 to 63 cm, preferably 59 cm plus or minus 2 cm Generally unsuitable
French Pointing Dog, Gascogne type (Braque Français - Type Gascogne) Males 60 to 69 cm, females 58 to 68 cm Generally unsuitable
Saint Germain Pointer (Braque Saint-Germain) Males 56 to 62 cm, females 54 to 59 cm; 2 cm above tolerated in exceptional dogs With reservations
Brazilian Tracker (Rastreador Brasileiro) Males 60 to 65 cm, females 56 to 63 cm, tolerance approx. 1 cm Generally unsuitable
Briard (Berger de Brie) Males 62 to 68 cm, females 56 to 64 cm (tolerance plus 2 cm, minus 1 cm) With reservations
Broholmer Males around 75 cm, females around 70 cm With reservations
Bullmastiff males 64 to 69 cm, females 61 to 66 cm Generally unsuitable
Italian Cane Corso (Cane Corso Italiano) males 64 to 68 cm, females 60 to 64 cm, with a 2 cm tolerance above or below Generally unsuitable
Castro Laboreiro Dog (Cão de Castro Laboreiro) Males 58 to 64 cm, females 55 to 61 cm, each with tolerance of plus 2 cm Generally unsuitable
Polish Greyhound (Chart Polski) ideal: males 70 to 80 cm, females 68 to 75 cm; larger dogs permitted if type is maintained Generally unsuitable
Chesapeake Bay Retriever Males 58 to 66 cm, females 53 to 61 cm With reservations
Artois Hound (Chien d’Artois) males and females 53 to 58 cm, tolerance 1 cm Generally unsuitable
Cimarrón Uruguayo Males 58 to 61 cm, females 55 to 58 cm, each with 2 cm tolerance Generally unsuitable
Clumber Spaniel not specified in the FCI standard With reservations
Rough Collie (Collie Rough) males 56 to 61 cm, females 51 to 56 cm With reservations
Smooth Collie (Collie Smooth) males 56 to 61 cm, females 51 to 56 cm With reservations
Curly Coated Retriever ideal males 69 cm, females 64 cm With reservations
Dalmatian (Dalmatinski Pas) males 56 to 62 cm, females 54 to 60 cm With reservations
Deerhound Desired minimum males 76 cm, females 71 cm With reservations
German Wire-haired Pointing Dog (Deutsch Drahthaar) males 61 to 68 cm, females 57 to 64 cm Generally unsuitable
German Shorthaired Pointer (Deutsch Kurzhaar) Males 62 to 66 cm, females 58 to 63 cm Generally unsuitable
German Longhaired Pointer (Deutsch Langhaar) Males 60 to 70 cm (ideal 63 to 66 cm), females 58 to 66 cm (ideal 60 to 63 cm) Generally unsuitable
Deutsch Stichelhaar males 60 to 70 cm, females 58 to 68 cm Generally unsuitable
Great Dane (Deutsche Dogge) Males at least 80 cm, no more than 90 cm; females at least 72 cm, no more than 84 cm With reservations
Boxer (Deutscher Boxer) males 57 to 63 cm, females 53 to 59 cm With reservations
German Shepherd Dog (Deutscher Schäferhund) males 60 to 65 cm, females 55 to 60 cm With reservations
Tibetan Mastiff (Do-Khyi) Males at least 66 cm, females at least 61 cm Generally unsuitable
Dobermann males 68 to 72 cm, females 63 to 68 cm, middle size preferred in each With reservations
Dogo Argentino Males 60 to 68 cm (ideal 64 to 65 cm), females 60 to 65 cm (ideal 62 to 64 cm) Generally unsuitable
Hungarian Wire-haired Pointer (Drótzörü Magyar Vizsla) Males 58 to 64 cm, females 54 to 60 cm With reservations
Drentsche Partridge Dog (Drentsche Patrijshond) males 58 to 63 cm, females 55 to 60 cm; a few centimetres’ deviation acceptable if well proportioned With reservations
English Foxhound around 58 to 64 cm, without distinction by sex Generally unsuitable
English Pointer Males 63 to 69 cm, females 61 to 66 cm With reservations
English Setter males 65 to 68 cm, females 61 to 65 cm With reservations
Transylvanian Hound (Erdélyi Kopó) 55 to 65 cm (no distinction by sex; harmony and overall impression decisive) Generally unsuitable
Eurasier Males 52 to 60 cm, females 48 to 56 cm (ideal 56 and 52 cm) With reservations
Fila Brasileiro males 65 to 75 cm, females 60 to 70 cm Generally unsuitable
Finnish Hound (Suomenajokoira) Males 55 to 61 cm, females 52 to 58 cm; ideal males 57 to 59 cm, females 54 to 56 cm Generally unsuitable
Flat Coated Retriever Preferred males 59 to 61,5 cm, females 56,5 to 59 cm With reservations
French Spaniel (Epagneul Français) Males 56 to 61 cm, females 55 to 59 cm; tolerance of 2 cm above and 1 cm below With reservations
French White and Black Hound (Français Blanc et Noir) Males 65 to 72 cm, females 62 to 68 cm, tolerance plus or minus 1 cm Generally unsuitable
French White and Orange Hound (Français Blanc et Orange) 62 to 70 cm, tolerance 2 cm above the upper limit, without distinction between sexes Generally unsuitable
French Tricolour Hound (Français Tricolore) Males 62 to 72 cm, females 60 to 68 cm Generally unsuitable
Spanish Greyhound (Galgo Español) males 62 to 70 cm, females 60 to 68 cm; up to 2 cm above permitted with excellent proportions With reservations
Gascon Saintongeois Large variety: males 65 to 72 cm, females 62 to 68 cm; small variety: males 56 to 62 cm, females 54 to 59 cm; tolerance of 1 cm in each Generally unsuitable
Golden Retriever males 56 to 61 cm, females 51 to 56 cm Suitable
Gordon Setter males 66 cm, females 62 cm With reservations
Great Anglo-French White and Black Hound (Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir) Males 65 to 72 cm, females 62 to 68 cm, each plus or minus 1 cm Generally unsuitable
Great Anglo-French White and Orange Hound (Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Orange) 60 to 70 cm, without separate male and female figures Generally unsuitable
Great Anglo-French Tricolour Hound (Grand Anglo-Français Tricolore) 60 to 70 cm, without distinction between sexes Generally unsuitable
Great Gascony Blue (Grand Bleu de Gascogne) Males 65 to 72 cm, females 62 to 68 cm Generally unsuitable
Grand Griffon Vendéen males 62 to 68 cm, females 60 to 65 cm, tolerance 1 cm above or below Generally unsuitable
Greyhound ideal: males 71 to 76 cm, females 68 to 71 cm Suitable
Griffon Nivernais Males 55 to 62 cm, females 53 to 60 cm (the English version gives 1 cm tolerance) Generally unsuitable
Greenland Dog (Grønlandshund) Males 60 cm and above, females 55 cm and above Generally unsuitable
Large Munsterlander (Großer Münsterländer Vorstehhund) males 60 to 65 cm, females 58 to 63 cm, tolerance up to 2 cm above Generally unsuitable
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog (Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund) Males 65 to 72 cm, females 60 to 68 cm With reservations
Halden Hound (Haldenstøver) Males 52 to 60 cm (ideal 56 cm), females 50 to 58 cm (ideal 54 cm) Generally unsuitable
Hamiltonstövare males ideally 57 cm (permitted 53 to 61 cm), females ideally 53 cm (permitted 49 to 57 cm) Generally unsuitable
Dutch Shepherd Dog (Hollandse Herdershond) Males 57 to 62 cm, females 55 to 60 cm Generally unsuitable
Hovawart Males 63 to 70 cm, females 58 to 65 cm Generally unsuitable
Irish Red and White Setter desired: males 62 to 66 cm, females 57 to 61 cm With reservations
Irish Red Setter Males 58 to 67 cm, females 55 to 62 cm With reservations
Irish Water Spaniel Males 53 to 59 cm, females 51 to 56 cm With reservations
Irish Wolfhound desired minimum height: males 79 cm, females 71 cm; the aim for males is an average of at least 86 cm With reservations
Yakutian Laika (Yakutskaya Laika) Males 55 to 59 cm, females 53 to 57 cm With reservations
Canadian Eskimo Dog Males 58 to 70 cm, females 50 to 60 cm Generally unsuitable
Kangal Shepherd Dog (Kangal Çoban Köpegi) Males 72 to 78 cm, females 65 to 73 cm, each with a tolerance of 2 cm above or below Generally unsuitable
Macedonian Shepherd Dog Karaman males 65 to 68 cm, females 62 to 66 cm, with 2 cm above or below allowed Generally unsuitable
Karelian Bear Dog (Karjalankarhukoira) Males 54 to 60 cm (ideal 57 cm), females 49 to 55 cm (ideal 52 cm) Generally unsuitable
Karst Shepherd Dog (Kraski Ovcar) Males 57 to 63 cm (ideal 60 cm), females 54 to 60 cm (ideal 57 cm); up to 2 cm above is tolerated Generally unsuitable
Caucasian Shepherd Dog (Kavkazskaïa Ovtcharka) Males preferably 72 to 75 cm, minimum 68 cm; females preferably 67 to 70 cm, minimum 64 cm Generally unsuitable
Kazakh Tazy Desirable height: males 63 to 70 cm, females 58 to 65 cm; a deviation of 2 cm is acceptable if proportions and overall harmony are maintained Generally unsuitable
Komondor Males at least 70 cm, females at least 65 cm Generally unsuitable
Wire-haired Pointing Griffon (Griffon à Poil Dur Korthals) Males approx. 55 to 60 cm, females approx. 50 to 55 cm Generally unsuitable
Kuvasz Males 71 to 76 cm, females 66 to 70 cm Generally unsuitable
Labrador Retriever males 56 to 57 cm, females 54 to 56 cm (ideal height in the standard) Suitable
Landseer, European Continental Type (Landseer, Europäisch-kontinentaler Typ) Males averaging 72 to 80 cm, females averaging 67 to 72 cm; minor deviations tolerated With reservations
Leonberger Males 72 to 80 cm (recommended midpoint 76 cm), females 65 to 75 cm (recommended midpoint 70 cm) With reservations
Hungarian Greyhound (Magyar Agár) Ideal height: males 65 to 70 cm, females 62 to 67 cm; harmonious proportions matter more than centimetres With reservations
Hungarian Vizsla (Rövidszörü Magyar Vizsla) Males 58 to 64 cm, females 54 to 60 cm With reservations
Malinois, Belgian Shepherd Dog (Chien de Berger Belge) Average males 62 cm, females 58 cm; tolerance 2 cm below and 4 cm above Generally unsuitable
Majorca Mastiff (Perro Dogo Mallorquín, Ca de Bou) males 55 to 58 cm, females 52 to 55 cm Generally unsuitable
Majorca Shepherd Dog (Ca de Bestiar) Males 66 to 73 cm, females 62 to 68 cm; 1 cm deviation accepted Generally unsuitable
Maremma Sheepdog (Cane da Pastore Abruzzese Maremmano) Males 67 to 73,5 cm, females 62 to 70 cm Generally unsuitable
Mastiff Not specified in the FCI standard (size desirable, but only alongside quality and health) Generally unsuitable
Neapolitan Mastiff (Mastino Napoletano) males 65 to 75 cm, females 60 to 68 cm Generally unsuitable
Central Asian Shepherd Dog (Sredneasiatskaya Ovtcharka) males at least 70 cm, females at least 65 cm; greater height desired Generally unsuitable
Newfoundland Average males 71 cm, females 66 cm With reservations
Old English Sheepdog (Bobtail) males 61 cm and above, females 56 cm and above; type and balance matter more than size With reservations
East Siberian Laika (Vostotchno-Sibirskaïa Laïka) Males 57 to 64 cm, females 53 to 60 cm Generally unsuitable
Otterhound Males approx. 69 cm, females approx. 61 cm Generally unsuitable
Burgos Pointing Dog (Perdiguero de Burgos) males 62 to 67 cm, females 59 to 64 cm With reservations
Pharaoh Hound males 56 to 63,5 cm, females 53 to 61 cm With reservations
Picardy Sheepdog (Berger de Picardie) males 60 to 65 cm, females 55 to 60 cm; tolerance of 1 cm above or below With reservations
Picardy Spaniel (Epagneul Picard) Males 57 to 62 cm, females 55 to 60 cm; 2 cm above or below allowed but undesirable With reservations
Canarian Warren Hound (Podenco Canario) Males 55 to 64 cm, females 53 to 60 cm; 2 cm above or below permitted in either sex if basic type is correct Generally unsuitable
Ibizan Hound (Podenco Ibicenco) males 66 to 72 cm, females 60 to 67 cm; well-proportioned dogs close to the standard measurements accepted Generally unsuitable
Poitevin Males 62 to 72 cm, females 60 to 70 cm Generally unsuitable
Polish Hound (Ogar Polski) Males 56 to 65 cm, females 55 to 60 cm Generally unsuitable
Polish Hunting Dog (Gończy Polski) males 55 to 59 cm, females 50 to 55 cm Generally unsuitable
Polish Tatra Shepherd (Polski Owczarek Podhalanski) Males 65 to 70 cm, females 60 to 65 cm Generally unsuitable
Porcelaine Males 55 to 58 cm, females 53 to 56 cm (exception up to 60 cm possible for otherwise excellent stud dogs) Generally unsuitable
Portuguese Pointing Dog (Perdigueiro Português) Males 56 cm, females 52 cm, each with 4 cm tolerance above and below Generally unsuitable
Presa Canario Males 61 to 66 cm, females 57 to 62 cm Generally unsuitable
Pudelpointer Males 60 to 68 cm, females 55 to 63 cm Generally unsuitable
Pyrenean Mountain Dog (Chien de Montagne des Pyrénées) Males 70 to 80 cm, females 65 to 75 cm; very typical dogs allowed an extra 2 cm Generally unsuitable
Pyrenean Mastiff (Mastín del Pirineo) Minimum males 77 cm, females 72 cm; males over 81 cm and females over 75 cm desired, no upper limit Generally unsuitable
Rafeiro of Alentejo (Rafeiro do Alentejo) Males 66 to 74 cm, females 64 to 70 cm Generally unsuitable
Rhodesian Ridgeback desired males 63 to 69 cm, females 61 to 66 cm Generally unsuitable
Giant Schnauzer (Riesenschnauzer) Males and females 60 to 70 cm Generally unsuitable
Rottweiler Males 61 to 68 cm (correct size 65 to 66 cm), females 56 to 63 cm (correct size 60 to 61 cm) Generally unsuitable
Romanian Bucovina Shepherd (Ciobănesc Românesc de Bucovina) males 68 to 78 cm, ideally 71 to 75 cm; females 64 to 72 cm, ideally 66 to 68 cm; tolerance of 4 cm below Generally unsuitable
Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog (Ciobănesc Românesc Corb) Males 70 to 80 cm, females 65 to 75 cm; males below 65 cm and females below 62 cm disqualified Generally unsuitable
Romanian Carpathian Shepherd Dog (Ciobănesc Românesc Carpatin) Ideal males 65 to 73 cm, females 59 to 67 cm, each plus or minus 2 cm; overall impression matters more Generally unsuitable
Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog (Ciobănesc Românesc Mioritic) males at least 70 cm, ideally 75 cm; females at least 65 cm, ideally 70 cm; males under 68 cm and females under 63 cm disqualified Generally unsuitable
Russian Black Terrier (Russkiy Tchiorny Terrier) Males 72 to 76 cm (not below 70 or above 78 cm), females 68 to 72 cm (not below 66 or above 74 cm) Generally unsuitable
Saarloos Wolfhond (Saarlooswolfhond) Males 65 to 75 cm, females 60 to 70 cm; slightly greater height allowed Generally unsuitable
Saluki averaging 58 to 71 cm, females proportionately smaller With reservations
Samoyed (Samoiedskaïa Sabaka) ideal: males 57 cm, females 53 cm, each with 3 cm tolerance above or below With reservations
Schillerstövare Males 53 to 61 cm (ideal 57 cm), females 49 to 57 cm (ideal 53 cm) Generally unsuitable
Swedish Elkhound (Jämthund) males 57 to 65 cm (ideal 61 cm), females 52 to 60 cm (ideal 56 cm); other measurements lead to disqualification Generally unsuitable
Italian Rough-haired Segugio (Segugio Italiano a Pelo Forte) Males 52 to 60 cm, females 50 to 58 cm (2 cm above or below tolerated in excellent dogs) Generally unsuitable
Estrela Mountain Dog (Cão da Serra da Estrela) males 65 to 73 cm, females 62 to 69 cm, tolerance of 2 cm above Generally unsuitable
Siberian Husky males 53,5 to 60 cm, females 50,5 to 56 cm Generally unsuitable
Sloughi Males 66 to 72 cm, females 61 to 68 cm (ideal height 70 and 65 cm) With reservations
Wirehaired Slovakian Pointer (Slovenský hrubosrstý stavač (Ohar)) Males 62 to 68 cm, females 57 to 64 cm Generally unsuitable
Slovakian Chuvach (Slovenský Cuvac) Males 62 to 70 cm, females 59 to 65 cm Generally unsuitable
Spanish Mastiff (Mastín Español) Males at least 77 cm, females at least 72 cm; above 80 and 75 cm respectively should be sought, without an upper limit Generally unsuitable
Spinone Italiano Males 60 to 70 cm, females 58 to 65 cm With reservations
South Russian Shepherd Dog (Yuzhnorusskaya Ovcharka) Males not below 66 cm, females not below 62 cm; greater height desirable if the body remains well proportioned Generally unsuitable
Thai Ridgeback Dog ideal: males 56 to 61 cm, females 51 to 56 cm, tolerance plus or minus 2,5 cm Generally unsuitable
Tornjak (Bosnian and Herzegovinian-Croatian Shepherd Dog) Males 65 to 70 cm, females 60 to 65 cm, tolerance plus or minus 2 cm Generally unsuitable
Tosa (Japanese Mastiff) at least 60 cm for males and 55 cm for females; the standard gives no upper limit Generally unsuitable
Transmontano Mastiff (Cão de Gado Transmontano) Males 75 to 85 cm, females 68 to 78 cm Generally unsuitable
Czechoslovakian Wolfdog (Ceskoslovenský Vlciak) Males at least 65 cm, females at least 60 cm Generally unsuitable
Weimaraner Males 59 to 70 cm, females 57 to 65 cm Generally unsuitable
White Swiss Shepherd Dog (Berger Blanc Suisse) Males 58 to 66 cm, females 53 to 61 cm; typical dogs slightly above or below these heights are not excluded With reservations
West Siberian Laika (Zapadno-Sibirskaïa Laïka) Males 55 to 62 cm, females 51 to 58 cm Generally unsuitable
Wetterhoun (Frisian Water Dog) Ideal height males 59 cm, females 55 cm Generally unsuitable
Šarplaninac (Jugoslovenski Ovcarski Pas-Sarplaninac) Average males 62 cm, females 58 cm; males below 56 cm and females below 54 cm not admitted for breeding Generally unsuitable

Still unsure which breed suits you?

Our free breed quiz asks ten questions about your everyday life and suggests three breeds. Our book takes a more thorough look: “Welcher Hund passt WIRKLICH zu dir?” (book in German). If your puppy is already on the way, the free Puppy Starter Pack supports you through the first weeks. To see your dog on the wall, explore our dog portraits from your own photo.

The profiles are based on FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) breed standards; health and lifespan information comes from the studies cited in each entry. Size categories follow our own classification: average male height at the withers up to 40 cm small, over 40 to 55 cm medium-sized, over 55 cm large; where the standard gives no height, classification is by weight.

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